Womb stem cells could help regenerate a diseased liver.

What if the very thing that assists a fetus to grow in the womb could also prevent disease in a fully grown adult?

Monash Institute of Medical Research scientists have discovered that stem cells from the womb have the potential to treat inflammatory diseases such as lung fibrosis and liver cirrhosis in both children and adults.

The stem cells come from the amniotic membrane which is attached to the placenta and secretes the amniotic fluid that surrounds the baby while in the womb.

The World Health Organization estimates that over 450 million people worldwide suffer from alcohol- and hepatitis-related liver fibrosis. To date, the only cure for advanced disease is organ transplant.

A team led by Dr Ursula Manuelpillai from Monash Institute of Medical Research and Assoc. Prof. William Sievert, Director of the Gastroenterology & Hepatology Unit at Monash Medical Centre, has studied animal models that mimic lung and liver fibrosis in humans.

There is a good chance that their research will enable placental tissues, normally discarded at birth, to be used to reduce inflammation and help regenerate a diseased liver.

The team is aiming for clinical trials for treatments within the next two to three years.

For more information: Monash Institute of Medical Research, Hailee Gyngell, Tel: +61 (3) 9594 7138, Hailee.Gyngell@med.monash.edu.au

Why does influenza make some of us much sicker than others? What are the implications for swine flu (H1N1)? Australian scientists are looking to past outbreaks for the answers.

In July 2009, the Australian Government responded to urgent global calls to use the Southern Hemisphere’s flu season as a catalyst for investigating the severity and global threat of the H1N1 flu strain.

One of the projects to receive funding is using pre-existing data on innate immune responses to other flu strains, including the disastrous Spanish flu from 1918, combined with current data collections on H1N1 to provide answers on why some people will get more severe flu symptoms than others and how we can control these reactions.

The team led by Prof. Paul Hertzog from Monash Institute of Medical Research, along with scientists and clinicians from Southern Health, the Royal Melbourne Hospital and the World Health Organization, is currently screening around 200 H1N1 infected patients and expects to deliver preliminary findings by the end of 2009.

With the Northern Hemisphere entering the winter flu season, it is crucial to pre-empt the H1N1’s ability to mutate and adapt. The team also believes this research may help towards producing effective and combative medicines and vaccines that can be adapted to suit the severity of infection for protection.

For more information: Monash Institute of Medical Research, Hailee Gyngell, Tel: +61 (3) 9594 7138, Hailee.Gyngell@med.monash.edu.au